Understanding Diabetic Retinopathy
High blood sugar weakens the tiny blood vessels in the retina. They can leak fluid or blood, and in advanced stages the eye grows fragile new vessels that can bleed or cause retinal detachment. Swelling in the center of the retina — diabetic macular edema — is a common cause of blurry vision in people with diabetes.
Anyone with type 1 or type 2 diabetes is at risk. The longer you have had diabetes and the less controlled your blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol are, the higher the risk.
Common symptoms
- Often none in the early stages
- Blurry or fluctuating vision
- Floaters or dark spots
- Difficulty seeing at night
How Dr. Nicola can help
- Annual dilated diabetic eye exams, with a report sent to your primary-care doctor or endocrinologist
- Retinal imaging to detect and track changes
- Coordination of injection or laser treatment for macular edema and advanced retinopathy
- Education on how blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol control protect your eyes
Frequently asked questions
How often should I have an eye exam if I have diabetes?
At least once a year, or more often if retinopathy is found. Pregnant women with diabetes need closer monitoring.
Is my diabetic eye exam covered by insurance?
Diabetic eye exams are medical exams and are generally covered by Medicare, TennCare, and commercial insurance.
This page is general patient education and is not a substitute for an examination. If you have a question about your own eyes, please call our office.